Hobbit+Vocab

__Directions:__ For each word, please find a definition, pronunciation key, published sample sentence, original sample sentence with a context clue, picture, and a memory tip.

Droning- Make a continuous low humming sound. (Verb) Precipice- A very steep rock face or cliff, typically a tall one. (Noun) Pinnacle- A tall pointed formation, such as a mountain peak. (Noun) Necromancer- sorcerer: one who practices magic or sorcery. (Noun) Mirth- Amusement, esp. as expressed in laughter: "his six-foot frame shook with mirth." (Noun) Presumption- An idea that is taken to be true, and often used as the basis for other ideas, although it is not known for certain.(Noun)

= = __**Antiquity**__ = = Pronunciation: an-tik-wi-tee = = Definition: The quality of being ancient; ancientness. = = Published Sentence: A bowl of great antiquity. = = Original Sentence: I bought a 2000 year old bowl that had antiquity. = = Memory Tip: Antiquity has the word antique in it. = = Image: = = = =

= = -Caleigh G

__**Audacious:**__
Definition: extremly bold or daring; recklessly brave; fearless: anaudacious explorer. Pronunciation Key: [ aw- dey -sh uh' s ] Published Sample sentence: He's very much on track for both, thanks to his most audacious performance yet in this season of triumph and controversy. Original Sentence: Beowulf was very audacious and strong while fighting the dragon. Picture:

Memory Tip: Just think of a super hero who is bold and brave.

__**Blundering (blund-er-ing)**__
Definition: a gross, careless, or stupid mistake. Published Sentence: Without my glasses I blundered into the wrong room Original Sentence: You are a blundering mess this morning Memory Tip: Think of Velma from Scooby Doo when she looses her glasses -Sara Koebel = =

=__** Circuitous **__=

Definition: roundabout or indirect, deviating from a straight course (in reference to a route or journey, or a conversation) Memory Tip: circuitous is kind of spelled like circle, and circle is like a roundabout Original Sentence: The explanation that Mrs. Graham gave us today about point of view was very circuitous and confusing. Pronunciation:  Picture:

 __**Published Sentence:**__ The canal followed a circuitous route. Sydney Bickerstaff

__**Desolate:**__

Adjective: a place or location that is deserted of life, full of emptiness

verb: to make a place depressingly empty. Pronounced : des·o·late Adjective sentence: Wow there is nobody here, it is awfully desolate. Verb Sentence : Good job Darren you desolated the place. Memory tip: __des__troyed, __des__olate By Jim Solberg

__**Dubious**__ [ doo -bee- uh's]

1. doubtful, marked by occasioning doubt. 2. of doubtful quality or propriety; questionable: a dubious compliment 3. uncertain outcome

Defintion: to move with a circular motion against the main current //Pronounciation:// [ěd'ē /g/] //Published Sample sentence//: It was hard, polished, and full of pockets worn by centuries of //eddying// rain-water. //Original Sentence:// The water was eddying, almost like a whirlpool. //Memory Tip:// Think of a whirlpool Caitlin Darnall
 * Eddying:**

__**Feint**__ Noun Pronunciation: (feynt) Full Definition: An attack/action performed to distract the opponent from the real attack. Published Sample Sentence: His air of approval was a feint to conceal his real motives. Original Sample Sentence: Pikachu used Sand-Attack as a feint to set up its Thunderbolt.
 * Memory Tip:** Just think of **feint** as a __fake__ attack that sets up the real attack.

__Felled__ :  [fell-d] Definition- to cut or knock down  Published Sample Sentence- <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">They attacked, struck, felled, and the foremost foes shrank from the grim destroyers.Original Sample Sentence- The fellows thought of the felled forest of Fell.


 * __<span class="prondelim" style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">FURTIVE- Tat Peck __**

Word: **Furtive** Pronunciation: <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[ **<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">fur ** <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">-tiv] Full definition: Taken, done, used, etc. surreptitiously or by stealth; secret: a furtive glance Sly, shifty, a furtive manner. Published sample sentence: “In a long gloomy corridor the vixen had become suddenly furtive, looking all around.” Original sample sentence with clear content clue: In the bank the furtive man aroused many people with his half hidden gun and I called the police. Memory Tip: Just think about a sneaky or slick person like a robber. (Furtive is like future and for some peoples future they rob banks.) Image:



__**FOREBODINGStevie Stearns**__ Word- Foreboding Pronunciation- [<span style="color: #707070; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">fawr- **<span style="color: #707070; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">boh ** <span style="color: #707070; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">-ding] Full definition- A feeling of impending evil, disaster, etc, An omen, or portent. Published sample sentence-“At the end of the novel, Danny had a foreboding about the forthcoming era, marked by the arrival of the red army.” Original sample sentence with clear content clue-I must confess I began to feel a sense of foreboding at the sight of the scary monster in the movie. Memory tip- Fore means to feel something before it happens & boding reminds me of bad because of the b and the d. Image-

__Bailey McNulty__

[|Pronunciation] Definition adjective formal (of something bad) very severe or serious. Derivatives grievously adverb , grievousness noun. He took a foolish financial risk and suffered a //grievous// loss. The war ended grievously because of the high mortality rate. if you say grievously, you will hear grief. grief means serious sadness and is almost synonymous with grievously.
 * __Grievously__**
 * __Memory Tip:__**

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Memory Tip - felled is like the word fell, which is when someone/thing is knocked over.. felled is when something has already been knocked over (or cut down). <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Becca Gocker

__**Galled**__ (Gall) Noun **published sample sentence:** The author even has the ** gall ** to emphasize the word addiction.
 * Pronunciation-** (gaw-lled)
 * Full Definition: ** impudence; effrontery.
 * Original sentence-** Therewas a sense of entitlement about the incident that continues to **gall** me.
 * Memory tip:** gall sounds like awe.

-Ashton

__**Haughty**:__
Definition: Disdainfully proud; snobbish;scornfully,arrogant; supercilious. Pronunciation Key: [haw -tee] Published Sentence: Next to the palm tree, three ** haughty ** girls with pocket mirrors gossip as they reapply their makeup. Original Sentence: The owner of the mansion had a very haughty personality and very snobbish. Memory tip: Too (haught) for you.

__**Heedless**__ [hed-lis] Definiton- not taking heed; careless; unmindful Published Sentence- Heedless man's body was never found. Original Sentence- Suddenly this thought occurred to me how heedless I have been. Memory tip- heedless is careless Picture- Matt D.

===__**//Incantations://**__ <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">the <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">chanting or uttering of words purporting to have magical power. === <span class="prondelim" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">

[|"who scribbled all night rocking and rolling over lofty incantations which in the yellow morning were stanzas of gibberish."] And the people traveled from near and far for the incantation. //Incantation// is like people gathering for a //corporation// they just have the benefits of magic.

Taylor Widdel
Definition: Cleverly inventive or resourceful. Pronunciation Key: [In-jeen-yuhs] Published Sentence: "The most ingenious men are now agreed, that [universities] are only nurseries of prejudice, corruption, barbarism, and pedantry." - George Berkeley Original Sentence: I am amazed, that is simply ingenious! Picture: Memory Tip: Think of genius when you think of the word ingenious. They both sound very similar and have a very similar meaning. - Julia Fitch
 * __Ingenious__**

__**Lamenting**__
Definition: to feel or express sorrow, grief or regret for something; to mourn deeply Pronunciation Key: [luh-ment-ing] Published sample sentence: “She stood before the grave crying, lamenting the passing of her pet salamander, ‘Fluffy’.” Original Sentence: The mother was lamenting and mourning the death of her child, with tears falling down her cheeks. Picture: Memory tip: The book of Lamentations in the Bible is made up of poems about mourning. Lamentations --> Lamenting Amanda Conklin

__**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Obscurest: **__ Definition: Faint or indistinct, out of site, to conceal/hide, below the radar, etc. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Pronunciation: [uhb-scur ·<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">est] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Published Sample Sentence: "The hero is commonly the simplest and **obscurest** of men." (Henry David Thoreau) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Original Sentence: The village was the **obscurest** place I had ever come across - it was not even present on the map I held of the area. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Picture: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Memory tip: Think of the heros of 9/11 and how they were every day men - obscure heros, not what we would naturally expect <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">--Allison Frey

__**Ominous**__

definition:<span style="color: #0055bb; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">portending <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">evil or harm; foreboding; threatening;inauspicious

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Pronunciation key: (**om**-un-nuhs)

Published sentence: An ominous bank of dark clouds filled the stormy sky.

Original sentence: The creepy man wore an ominous smile.



Memory tip: An omen is ominous.

-Delaney Kroll

__**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Portent ( **ˈpôrˌtent)__
Definition: A sign or warning that something, esp. something momentous or calamitous, is likely to happen. original sentence : I believed that black cats in the dark are //portents// of bad luck. Published sentence: JFK's political debut was a //portent// of the fame to come. Picture:

Memory tip: Think of signs for future events

__**Plight**__ Definition: a condition, state, or situation usually a bad or unfortunate one. Pronunciation key: [plah-yt] Published Sentence: This is the only course of action we have left since you continually turn a deaf ear to our plight. Original Sentence: You need to find a way to get away from a bad plight. Context clue/Memory Tip: P+light= plight




 * -Veebha Gowda**

__**Promontory**__ noun Pronunciation: **<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> prom ** <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">- //<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">uh // <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">n-tawr-ee <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Full definition:a high point of land or rock projecting into the sea or other water<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> beyond the [|line] <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> of coast; a headland. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Published sentence: ** Promontory ** <span style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 12pt;"> on the south side of aberdeen bay, where many a stout ship and crew have gone down passing that way. Original sentence: The lighthouse was built upon the promontory over the sea.



Memory tip: think of a prominent rock structure Jordan Brooks

__Prudent__
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[ **<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">prood ** <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">-nt] <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Definition: 1. discreet or cautious in managing one's activities; circumspect <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">2. practical and careful in providing for the future <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Published Sentence: Only **<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">prudent **<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"> expenditure may provide quality within a restrictive budget. <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Original Sentence: Many college students need to make **prudent** decisions when shopping because they are low on money.



Memory Tip: a synonym is sensible or thrifty -Tori Morgan


 * __ Reconciliation __**

Definition: restoring mutual respect between individuals from different cultural backgrounds Pronouniation: Published Sentance: a sacrament in which repentant sinners are absolved and gain reconciliation with God and the Church, on condition of confession of their sins to a priest and of performing a penance Original Sentance: After fighting over a stuffed animal, the two little girls made a recinciliation with each other and decided to share the animal.

Memory tip: an agreement is reconciliation Faith Phares

__**Remuneration**__ [ ri- ** myoo ** -n // uh // -reyt] Definition: To pay, recompense, or reward for work. Published Sentence:The players had to agree deals with the club that saw contractual remuneration slashed in half. Original Sentence: I enjoyed my new job even through the remuneration was not as much as I was use to. Memory Tip: Remuneration begins with "re" as well as Reward.

-Dayna Wilson

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 12pt;">[ <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 12pt;">skan <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 12pt;">-tee] <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Definition: meager; not adequate; barely sufficient. <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Published Sentence: <span style="background-color: white; font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Scanty <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 12pt;"> clothing is not advisable in public places. <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Personal Sentence: The police had scanty evidence for the case and therefore the murderer was let off easy. <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memory Tip: __S__canty also can mean __S__parse, barely __S__ufficient, __S__hort, and __S__kimpy
 * __<span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Scanty __**

__**Sentinel**__ Definition: to watch over as a guard, provide with a guard, post as a guard Pronunciation Key: [sen-tn-l] Published Sample Sentence: Soldiers stood sentinel with their muskets Original Sentence: Beowulf reveals to the sentinel that his father was Edgetho in order to show he is of noble birth. Picture: Memory Tip: Standing guard, watching --Olivia Crockett

__Shrill__
/SHril/ definition- high pitched piercing in tone or sound. published sentence- The shrill screaming that rose before the beast was like a pain. original sentence- The shrill of the little girl's scream gave me a headache! memory tip- the shrill can kill Lauren Heidenreich

Stealthily
[stelth-e-lee] Definition- <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Marked by or acting with quiet, caution, and secrecy intended to avoid notice. <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Published Sentence- Stealthily they advanced upstream“ <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Original Sentence- “I stealthily went up the stairs to avoid being heard.” <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Stealthily is sneakily <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Natalie Bartels

__**Subterranean:**__ Definition: being, lying, or operating under the surface of the earth Pronunciation Key; (sub·ter·ra·nean) Published sentence: A **subterranean** Bunker that supposedly could withstand an atomic bomb. Original Sentence: Worms build their **subterranean** homes in the mud. Memory Tip- submarines are under water and subterranean basically means under something. Like it could be under ground or maybe under cover. By Madi Abel

__**Trifle**__
Pronunciation - [trahy-fuhl] Definition – something of little importance or value Published Sentence – The money is a mere **trifle** to me. Original Sentence – The argument is very **trifle**.

Memory Tip – Something that is trifle is also trivial.

Jessica Dennis

__**VAGABOND**__ definition: one who moves from place to place and has no fixed home Pronunciation key: \ ˈ va-gə- ˌ bänd\ Published Sentence: After they retired, the couple bought an RV and became footloose //vagabonds.// //Original Sentence: The hitchhiker was a vagabond because he always caught rides from place to place and never had a home.// Memory tip: A vagabond is a nomad By: Ashlee Toca

__**Venerable**__ - Jade M.
 * Definition:** commanding respect because of great age or impressive dignity
 * Pronunciation Key:** [ven-er-uh-buh
 * Published sentence:** He is a __venerable__ member of congress
 * Original sentence:** Beowulf was not highly __venerable__ in his final speech
 * Memory Tip:** Think of Gandhi when you think of the word venerable. We all looked up to Gandhi because he was highly noble and showed impressive dignity.

__**Vexed:**__ pronounced: vekst **Definition (Adjective): 1.**annoyed, frustrated, or worried. **2.** Problematic; Difficult or for much debate.

**Sentenced:** Every student is vexed by their homework. memory tip: vexed is what you feel when you have a lot of homework. By: Shelby Yoder

__**Waylaid**__ verb <span style="color: #707070; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">**Pronunciation**: wey- **<span style="color: #707070; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">leyd ** <span style="color: #0055bb; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">**Definition**: to <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> intercept or attack from ambush, as in order to rob, seize,<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> or slay. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">**Original sentence:** The cop waylaid the culprit as he tried to escape. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">**Memory tip:** waylaid is to ambush someone
 * <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Published **<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"> **sentence:** The reporter hid in the bushes, hoping to waylay the unsuspecting celebrity.